PART-19- 📚📚-CSWIP 📚📚 QUESTION WITH ANSWER (WELDING AND QC INSPECTOR INTERVIEW QUESTIONS)

Question related to Equipment and Piping Layout:-

1. What are the steps involve in plant design ?

Answer :-

 The mechanical design and development of the plant has three major steps as :-

 A. Conceptual layout design.

 B. Equipment layout design.

 C. Piping layout design.

2. What is conceptual layout design?

Answer :-

 It is the part of basic engineering package. It consists of following information :-

 A. Essential process design requirement such as horizontal & vertical relationship of

 equipment.

 B. Space allocation for basic plant requirement (space required for laboratories,

 office, storage etc.)

 C. Planning for control room, motor control centre room etc.

3. What is Equipment layout design?

Answer :-

 It is the detailing of conceptual layout. It is the basic document of mechanical

engineering design or in other words this document is the basis for development of

construction drawing by all disciplines. It is sometimes also referred as plot plan for large

outdoor plant.It consists of following information:- 

A. Floor space needed for the equipment and other facilities are shown.

B. Access, removal space, cleaning area, storage space and handling facilities are outlined.

4. What are the essential data / documents required for preparation of equipment layout ?

Answer :-

 The essential data or documents required for preparation of equipment layout is as:-

 A. Process flow diagrams (PFD) and piping & instrument Diagrams (P& ID)

 PFD / P & ID indicates the interconnectivity of each equipment, information regarding

 solid handling, gravity feed, line slopes, loop sizes, venting requirement, special piping

 materials etc. which in turns governs the equipment location to a great extent.

B. Project design data.

 This consists of following information as :-

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Geographic location, proximity to roads and railway, topography and local codes and

regulations. Weather conditions such as rainfall records, seasonal temperature

differences, wind direction, outlet points for drains etc.

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The above information such as wind direction influences the location of cooling towers,

furnaces, stack etc. similarly, the information regarding outlet drain points affects the

design of storm water drains and requirements of enclosures.

C. Equipment sizes and Building.

 This includes fabricated equipment such as vessels, Heat Exchangers, Reactors, Tanks

 and proprietary equipment like pumps, Compressors, Furnaces etc. For locating the

 above, the equipment is grouped to have optimum location for minimum pipe run as

 well as follow the process flow sequence.

5. What are the two basic configurations for the equipment layout (unit plot plan)?

Answer :-

 The equipment layout can basically be divided into two configurations :-

 A. The Grade Mounted Horizontal arrangement as seen in the refineries and

 petrochemical plants.

 B. The vertical Arrangement as seen in many chemical process industries.

6. What is Grade mounted Horizontal Arrangement of equipment layout?

Answer :-

 In the grade mounted Horizontal Arrangement , the equipment is placed on the either

side of the central pipe rack with auxiliary roads. Advantage of this arrangement is that theequipment is located at grade level, which makes it easier to construct, operate and maintain. Disadvantage is that it takes lot of ground area.

7. What is vertical arrangement of equipment layout?

Answer:-

The structure mounted vertical arrangement has equipment located at multilevel in steel or

concrete structure. This could be indoor or outdoor. Advantage is of small coverage area andability to house the facility to suit process requirement or climate conditions